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Richmond, Va. – Police diversion programs are popping up all over the country, aiming to keep people out of jail by placing them into treatment programs. According to the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), “Police-initiated diversion programs are pre-court interventions or strategies that police can apply as an alternative to court processing or the imposition […]

Richmond, Va. – People who cannot afford to post bail often remain in jail until their cases are resolved, while those with greater access to financial resources are able to secure liberty. But wealth does not determine risk, which is why national-, state-, and county-level entities are beginning to look at alternatives to incarceration for […]

Richmond, Va. – The first veteran treatment courts (VTC) was established in Buffalo, New York in 2008. Today, there are 334 Veteran Treatment Courts across the United States, with 35-45 new VTCs starting each year, serving a population with unique needs and restoring some structure and camaraderie found in the military but often lost at […]

Richmond, Va. – Urine specimen dilution is the most common method used to avoid detection of new drug and alcohol use. Dilution occurs when someone consumes an excessive amount of fluid (2-4 quarts) over a short period of time (90 minutes). Dilution significantly lowers the concentration of detectable drugs and alcohol in urine and also […]

Richmond, Va. – Vapes and E-cigarettes in today’s society come in many shapes and sizes, and have gone by many different names. Some of the names include, “e-cigs,” “e-hookahs,” “mods,” “vape pens,” and “electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS)”.[1] E-cigarettes heat the fluid inside them into a vapor or aerosol. The fluid can contain nicotine, ultrafine […]